Most healthy dogs tolerate COX-2-selective NSAIDs well, particularly if they are only going to be on them for a short period of time. Galliprant is significantly more expensive than many other NSAIDs, but it may be a good option for dogs that have reacted poorly to NSAIDs in the past or cannot take them due to health problems. Possible side effects are generally mild and include vomiting, diarrhea, and poor appetite. It appears to be less effective in treating acute pain, like that caused by injury or surgery. It is labeled for the long-term treatment of osteoarthritis, although its use in other chronically painful conditions is being studied. Galliprant is available by prescription only. Galliprant (active ingredient: grapiprant) Call your veterinarian or Animal Poison Control (1‐888‐426‐4435) immediately if your dog ingests more of these medications than they should. ![]() Except in the case of some rare liver reactions, most serious side effects are seen with overdoses. Possible side effects include gastrointestinal ulceration, liver damage, kidney damage, and problems with bleeding or blood clotting. Each of these can be used for short-term relief of pain and inflammation-after an injury or surgery, for example-or over longer periods for chronically painful conditions like osteoarthritis or cancer. Rimadyl, Deramaxx, Previcox, Metacam, and the other brand name and generic COX-2 selective NSAIDs for dogs are available by prescription only. Here are some of the most popular COX-2-selective NSAIDs for dogs: Your pet may respond better to one particular NSAID, or if one product doesn’t seem to be working as well as expected, a veterinarian may recommend trying another. ![]() These medications are available by prescription only to ensure that a veterinarian can determine if a dog is a good candidate for treatment with NSAIDs and to monitor their effect. NSAIDs designed for dogs are quite safe but can damage the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and the ability of blood to clot normally, particularly when given to high-risk dogs or used at the wrong dose. Of course, all drugs have potential side effects. Galliprant, a new type of NSAID, goes a step further by leaving prostaglandin production unchanged, and instead blocks a specific prostaglandin receptor that is only associated with pain and inflammation. These are called COX-2-selective NSAIDs.ĬOX-2-selective NSAIDs for dogs, like Rimadyl, Deramaxx, Previcox, and Metacam, are much safer and more effective than over-the-counter NSAIDs meant for people. In contrast, most NSAIDs designed for dogs more selectively block production of the “pain and inflammation” prostaglandin, while still allowing the other type to do its important work. But with dogs, these human NSAIDs would have to be used at such low doses to prevent side effects that they don’t do much to relieve pain and inflammation. So nonselective over-the-counter NSAIDs that block both types of prostaglandins can be safe for people. People are less sensitive to the adverse effects of NSAIDs than are dogs. These prostaglandins help produce mucus that protects the stomach’s lining, regulate the secretion of gastric acid, support normal blood clotting, and maintain blood flow through the kidneys. However, there are different prostaglandins doing important jobs that we don’t want to interfere with. These are the prostaglandins that we want to block when we give a dog an NSAID. ![]() ![]() Some prostaglandins initiate inflammation and pain responses, often due to tissue damage. Most NSAIDs work by blocking the production of prostaglandins, chemical messengers that play many roles in the body. Thankfully, we now have NSAIDs made specifically for dogs, which are much safer and more effective than those designed for human use. Tylenol, which isn’t technically an NSAID but has many of the same effects, can damage a dog’s red blood cells and liver when used incorrectly. Medications like ibuprofen (Advil and other brand names), naproxen (Aleve), and aspirin can cause serious side effects in dogs, including gastrointestinal ulceration, kidney damage, liver damage, and bleeding. But as tempting as it may be, don’t reach into your medicine cabinet and give your dog one of your nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs). Everybody experiences pain from time to time, including dogs.
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